Compared with ordinary machine tools, the machining center has the advantages of high machining accuracy, good stability, low labor cost and easy management. However, due to improper operation or programming errors, etc., it is easy for the tool or tool holder to hit the workpiece or the machine tool, which is what we often call the phenomenon-cutter collision.

The impact of the cutter is very harmful to the machining of the machining center. The light one will damage the tool and the parts to be processed, and the heavy one will damage the machine tool components, so that the machining accuracy of the machine tool will be lost, and even cause personal accidents in serious cases. Therefore, from the perspective of maintaining accuracy and safe and efficient production, the collision between the tool and the machine tool or the workpiece is never allowed in the use of CNC machine tools.

So what are the reasons for the collision? It can be summed up in three simple points：

Cutter collision fault is caused by a programming error, collision cutter fault caused by incorrect machine parameter setting, and collision cutter fault caused by improper machine tool operation.

The common reasons for the collision of the cutter are from the programming aspect, such as the programming process error or the insufficient consideration of the processing process succession relationship, the error in the remarks of the program sheet, and the error in the program transmission.

In fact, it is not difficult to eliminate the collision of the cutter caused by programming. First of all, you must master the key points of NC programming of the machining center and be familiar with the movement path of the tool. Pay attention to trial processing. In the process of trial machining, when starting to move the tool, the speed should be adjusted to the slowest, and the remaining movement should be observed at any time. Mastering this method will greatly reduce the collision of the tool caused by human factors. Preventing Program Transmission Errors On-site processors must check program details before starting work.

Secondly, in terms of parameter setting, the good work habit of "see first and then go" is essential. The machining override is reset to zero when the program starts and ends. After seeing the position of the program and the tool clearly, give the override. When debugging the program, the rapid feed should be adjusted to the slowest gear. When debugging the program to process the first workpiece, be sure to check the program carefully. You can run in a single segment during trial processing, control the feed rate at any time, and check the remaining stroke at any time. Before processing, you should simulate a single-segment operation before processing formally. Look for unexpected toolpaths, and if something goes wrong, hit the emergency stop button quickly.

In addition, in the daily operation of the machining center, there must be a set of strict guidelines from workpiece material to clamping factors, equipment failures to daily regulations. In terms of workpiece material, pay attention to whether it is too hard, whether it is easy to deform, and whether it is defective. During the clamping, it is necessary to avoid the influence of the cushion block on the cutting process, the blank exceeds the expectation, the blank is too large and the program setting does not match the blank; to develop good operating habits and carry out strict CNC process management, special personnel are required. If there is a protection lock, it is best to lock it when people leave, and set the read and write parameters for the software. The machining center should be placed stably to avoid rain and moisture. Take full advantage of the machine's protection and self-checking capabilities.

Conclusion

As a high-precision machine tool processing equipment, the machining center is very necessary to avoid collision during the processing. With the update and development of technology, along with advanced technologies such as tool damage detection during processing, machine tool anti-collision detection, and machine tool adaptive processing, the phenomenon of tool collision will gradually decrease. We can enjoy the charm of CNC more fully, and the machining center will surely provide us with more efficient, convenient and safe services.

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